SRL Archive - Outdated Tutorials

This is my first tut, and i figured this was a good place to start

i know there are a lot of these, but a lot of them aren't finished/ don't have all the things beginers need to know to make their first script

so, lets start out with the table of contents, shall we?

Table of Contents

• Intro
• Basic Basics
• Hello World!
• Variables
• Constants
• Hello world! Using Variables and Constants
• If-Then-Else, and cases
• Loops
• Procedures and Functions
• Advanced Procedures and Functions
• Basic Fail safes
• Making your Very first RS script!
• Conclusion/credits/links

Intro
OK, first off, I'm awkwardsaw :) and i will try my best to teach you the basics of scripting in Simba and SRL. i am expecting you to already have Simba, and SRL downloaded, and know how to start, stop, set client, and use the color picker components in Simba.

Shall we get started? :D

Basics of Basics
OK, open up Simba, and you see this:

program New;
begin
end.

these are the VERY basics of EVERY script, you're probobly wondering what they are, and why we need them so i will explain it =D

program New;

this is simply the begining of the script, it is always the first line of the code.

"New" is what you call the script, you can change it to what ever you want, for demonstration purposes i'll name it MahFirstScript

Now that you understand what that is, lets go to that funny looking pair of words; Begin and end.

Begin Is the BEGINNING of the main loop, which is simply the "Main Command Center" of the script, this is where things do what they do, and with out it the script will do nothing

End. is well, you guessed it, the END of the script, and main loop.

so now, we have this:

program MahFirstScript;// program name
begin//Begining of the Main loop
end.// End of the Main loop

just incase your wondering, the words in green are called "comments". these are exactly that.

//comments are very use full, and can be called in very different ways

{sometimes they are called like this, 
using brackets. any thing within the brackets 
will be commented out like so}

Hello World!
yes, you heard me, say hello to the world of scripting! not out loud though, people might here you :(

Finally! the part you have been waiting for! we are going to make your very first script! it wont be very use full, and no one would think anything of it(except you of coarse, but you have every right too :))

BUT its a start

program MahFirstScript;
begin
  writeln('Hello World!');
end.

This is the first command that you will learn about. writeln is simply a procedure that writes the given string(the stuff thats between the ' ') into the debug box.

program MahFirstScript;
begin
  writeln('Hello World!');
  wait(1000);
  writeln('gee, isnt this fun?');
end.

"oh noes! you added something else in there! what can it possibly mean?"

well, if you looked at it, you would notice that its called "wait". all this does is, you guessed it, wait for the given milliseconds(yes, it has to be in milliseconds)

program MahFirstScript;
begin
  cleardebug;
  wait(1000 + random(100));
  writeln('Hello World!');
  wait(1000 + random(200));
  writeln('gee, isnt this fun?');
  wait(1000);
end.

i added not one, but TWO new things to it, the first is cleardebug, which simply clears the debug box, and + random(100) which adds a random number between 0-100 to 1000

Variables

there are 4 main types of variables, that every scripter knows about. Variables can be changed during script run time. they are called:

Integer: simply any whole number, cannot be a decimal, pretty simple, no?

Strings any word or text, including special characters, letters, and numbers.

Boolean Simply put, its true or false, nothing to special, but very usefull

Extended Any number, that is not a whole number(decimal). i believe the highest decimal place that it can hold is to the 19th spot(0.0000000000000000001)

how you use variables can get confusing, but they are, like every thing so far, needed in every decent script :P

program MahFirstScript;
var //you must say this to call a variable
  I: integer; // this calls I to an integer variable
  S, S1: String; // and this makes S and S1 a String variable

begin
  cleardebug; // clear debub box
  I:= 1000;   //sets the variable I to 1000
  S:= 'lolwut';  //sets tge variable S
  S1:= 'Do you get it? if not, play around some more';  //sets the variable S1
  wait(I + random(i)); //waits for the specified amount, which was set by I
  writeln(S);  //writes what ever S is
  wait(i + random(i)) ;
  writeln(s1);//says what ever S1 is
  wait(i);
end.

i tried to explain every thing in there, play around with it untill you get how evey thing works. change the variable settings or add more variables if you like. I will cover other variables later on in this tut


Constants
Constants are what most scripters use as a "set up" in their scripts. they cannot be changed during run time. but, they are used like variables, as n they store info in either integer, extended, string, or boolean. not much else to go over exept how to use them, which i am about to go over :)

program MahFirstScript;
  
const
  Text = 'lol, consts are fun';   //this is a string const
  Number = 100;  //this is an integer const

begin
  cleardebug;
  wait(Number);  //waits for what ever you said Number is
  writeln(Text); //same as above
  wait(Number);
end.

once again, i tried to explain every thing as before. continue to play around with variables and consts

Hello world! using Variables and Constants!

program MahFirstScript;
  
const
  Text = 'lol, consts are fun'; //this is a string const
  Number = 100; //this is an integer const
  
var
  I :integer;//integer variable
  S: string;//string variable

begin
  cleardebug;
  inc(i);//this adds one to what ever i equals. at the begining of the script, all integer values = 0, untill specified otherwise
  wait(Number);//waits for how ever long you want
  inc(i);
  writeln(Text);//says what ever text you want
  inc(i);
  S:= inttostr(i); //this converts an integer "i" to a string, "s"
  writeln('this script has done ' + S + ' commands!'); self explanitory
end.

what this script does, is it waits for how ever long you specify, and adds 1 to the variable 'i'. at the end it says how many commands you used, based off of how much i equals. we will go even more into detail with this in the following sections :D


If-Then-Else, and Cases

ooo boy. these are fun, these also remind me of first semester geometry, which isnt so fun :(

why yes, we are talking about If-Then Statements!

first, you will have to understand WHAT an if-then-else statement is(known as a conditional statement)
before you can understand, you will need to know some vocabulary

if and then.

if is a hypothesis, which is "asking a question" pretty much
then is a conclusion, which is "answering" your question.

here is an example:

if my name is dan, then the first letter is D.

this means, that if my name is dan, then the first letter is ALWAYS D.

program MahFirstScript;
  
const
  Lunch = 'Tacos';

begin
  if Lunch = 'Tacos' then
    writeln('We are having tacos!') else
      writeln('awww, we arent having any tacos today =[');
end.

simply put in Conditional statement terms,

if Lunch is Tacos, then we are having tacos for lunch.

the inverse(else) means

if lunch is not tacos, then we are not having tacos for lunch

get it? i hope so, because i cant really explain the concept of conditional statements any better

an other way to look at that little example, is

program MahFirstScript;
  
const
  Lunch = 'Tacos';

begin
  if Lunch = 'Tacos' then 
    writeln('We are having tacos!');
  if not Lunch = 'Tacos' then 
    writeln('we are not having tacos');
end.

time to get more advanced using these statements :P

program MahFirstScript;

const
  Lunch = 'Tacos';
  eat = true;
var
 S, SS: string;

begin
  if eat = true then
    S:= 'we are eating!';
  else
    S:= 'we are not eating';
  writeln(S);
  if Lunch = 'Tacos' then
    SS:= 'we are eating tacos!';
  else
    ss:= 'we are not eating tacos';
  writeln(SS);
end.

"oh my god! you said advanced! not SUPER ADVANCED!" well chill, this may be hard to read at first, but take a chill pill and let me explain things!

first off, we have lunch set to tacos, and eat set to true in our constants.

our variables are "S, and SS". they are strings

before we do any thing, the script checks if you want to eat, which i set to true in the constant. if it is true, the S is set to "we are eating", if not, it is set to "we are not eating" and it says so in the debug box.

next, it checks if we are eating tacos, using the same method as above.

there is a way to make this look a lot neater, and more accepted in the SRL community! these magicle things are called "cases"

program MahFirstScript;

const
  Lunch = '';
  eat = true;

begin
  case eat of
    true: writeln('we are eating!');
    False: writeln('we are not eating!');
  end;
  case Lunch of
    'Tacos': writeln('we are eating tacos!');
    '': writeln('oh, i guess we arent eating anything after all');
    'beef': writeln('we are eating beef! mmmmmmm!');
  end;
end.

i think its self explanitory, i cant really think of any way to explain this better than example :(

cases are used very often, mostly in antiban and it makes HUGE conditional statements a lot neater, and cleaner, and efficient :)


Loops!
loops are what make scripts run for how long they do, as in the repeat them selves until it is told to break out.

there are 3 main types of loops, repeats, while-do, and goto loops. all of them have their different purposes.

lets start with the basic and first loop, repeats!

program MahFirstScript;

var
  R: integer;

begin
  cleardebug;
  repeat
    inc(r);
    wait(1000);
    writeln('this is on the ' + inttostr(r) + ' cycle');
  until r = 10;
end.

lets start from the beginning. R is our integer variable.

repeat is the loop that we use

in the loop it increases R by 1, waits 1000 milliseconds and writelns the cycle that its on.

until says that it will keep going through the cycles until r gets to 10.

its pretty simple, and it does get more and more advanced the more you get used to using it.

Our next loop is While-do loops. they are a little harder to understand, yet also very usefull.

var
  R: integer;

begin
  writeln('R is less than 10');
  wait(2000);
  while R <= 10 do inc(r);
  wait(1000);
  writeln('R is now equal to or greater than 10');
end.

in this, all we want to look at is while R <= 10 do inc(r);

what this does is, while R is less than or equal to 10, it increases it by 1 until it is. and then when it is it says so.

GoTo loops. they are great in some ways and they are looked down upon in others, yet they do have their place in here.

go to loops can get very complex, and confusing, and most people look at them as "Advanced looping", although if used right they are very simple and use full.

program lblTest;

label  //calls the label
  GoBack; //the label name

var
  Count: Integer;

begin
  GoBack:  //this is where you "GoTo"
  Count := Count + 1;
  WriteLn('Hello, ' + inttostr(count));
  if Count < 5 then goto GoBack; //if Count is less than 5, then it GoTo's the label
end.

looks kind of scary doesnt it? when i first learned about it, i thought it was too, untill i played around with it

every thing should be explained in the example, but imma break it down.

Label just says that your calling a label.

GoBack is the name of the label

GoBack: is where it goes back to, when told

if Count < 5 then goto GoBack; is what tells the script to go back to the label

Procedures and Functions!

this is where you REALLY start to have some fun! and im not kidding. procedures and functions are where you separate the "20 line script that sucks and does one thing" to the "500+ ub3r script that's amazing and i would want to marry".

of course, we will start out simple.

a procedure is exactly that, a procedure that is told to do something

a function is like a procedure, exept it returns a value in the form of a variable

which one you use is up to the circumstance.

program procfunttest;

const
number = 1;
number2 = 2;

procedure dothis; //this sets the procedure, and the name
begin
  writeln('this is a procedure');  //this is what you want it to do//
  wait(1000);                      //////////////////////////////////
  writeln('neat, huh?');           //////////////////////////////////
end;

function checkthis: integer;   //this is a function, and the result of it is a integer
begin
  writeln('doing some maths'); //you can make functions do commands just like procedures
  wait(1000);
  result:= number + number2;  //this sets the result, every function needs to have one
end;


begin
  cleardebug;
  dothis; //this is the procedure that we made
  wait(1000);
  writeln(inttostr(checkthis));  //and this writelns the result of the function "checkthis"
end.

this also may seem scary, but look through the example and play around with it. make it do some different things, change the numbers, ect ect.

the first part of the procedure is: procedure dothis. it simply calls the procedure and gives it a name.

like the main loop, the commands need to start with a BEGIN and end with an end;(not end. end. ends the script, end; ends the procedure/ section. you have to remember that)

Advanced Procedures and Functions!
this is section will teach you how to make more advanced and usefull procedures and functions.

first, lets make a little "debugger" procedure, which can help debug some future scripts :P

program procfunttest;

const
number = 1;
number2 = 2;

var
i: integer;

procedure DeBugThis(ProcName: string);
begin
  inc(i);
  writeln(ProcName + ' ' + inttostr(i));
  writeln(' ');
end;

begin
  DeBugThis('Beginning of MainLoop');
  wait(1000);
  DeBugThis('finished wait');
end.

the procedure DeBugThis(procname: string); is my procedure.

Debugthis is the procedure name, and the stuff between the ( ) are the parameters, its what makes the procedure do what it does.

i made the parameter return a string, so you can right what ever you want in as a string, an it will writeln it into the debug box.

look through the example so you can try to get it ;)

now for the function:

program procfunttest;

function AddThis(Number, Number1: integer): integer;
begin
  result:= Number + Number1
end;

begin
  writeln(inttostr(addthis(5, 5)));
end.

its the same thing as the procedure, except this has 2 parameters, that are integers instead of strings. you should already know how the function its self works


Basic Failsafes

this section will teach you about basic failsafes. failsafes are just as important to any script as your main loop.

fail safes are the things that catches the script if it messes up, and usually fixes it.

we already used fail safes in loops, to make sure that the loop stopped when it needed to stop, but this will go further into the actual fail safe.

program FindElTree;

var i: integer;

function FindAx: boolean;
begin
  code here and such;
  thisstufffindsanax
  if foundax then
  result:= true;
end;

procedure cuttree;
begin
  if not findax then
  begin
    repeat
      FindAx;
      inc(i);
    until (FindAx = true or i = 10);
    if FindAx = false and I = 10 then GetAx;
  end;
  Cuttingtreestuff;
end;

begin
  cuttree;
end.

note: this script will not compile, i just made it as an example.

dont pay much attention to the find ax procedure, because that's not where the fail safe is :P

study the cuttree procedure, that first checks if it has the ax, if it doesnt it looks for it, if it doesnt find it within 10 checks, it goes and gets one, and then when it does have an ax it starts cutting the tree :)

theres really nothing else "basic" about failsafes, because all you really need to know is the concept of it.

and this brings us to the LAST section of the tut, where we can put all of this stuff together, and hopefully make this stuff "click" in your heads.
i will give you a step by step tut on how to make your very own auto-login script!


Making your first script
This part of the tutorial is OUTDATED. DO NOT try to use this script in RuneScape!!!(although studying and learning how it works will still help you tremendously :)
first things first, open up a new script document, and save it as "My First RS script". it can be w/e you want, but hey =p

next, we need to include SRL to the script, so we can use it

program New;
{.include SRL/SRL.scar}
begin
end.

just copy and paste that in. remember to include srl when ever you script with it :D

Next, lets make our Constants.

make a username, and password constant, and make it a string

program New;
{.include SRL/SRL.scar}
const
  Username = '';
  Password = '';

begin
end.

then, lets check if we are at the welcome screen(the part where you log in)

function AtWelcomScreen: Boolean;
begin
end;

so, in order to check if we are at it, we will use two different colors in 2 different areas. i used the procedure FindColor(x, y, color, x1, y1, x2, y2).

FindColor is the name of the procedure, x, y, are the variables that it stores the coordinate of the color to, color is obviously the color, and x1, y1, x2, y2 is the box it looks for the color in, from top left to bottom right. Get your own coord and color if you want. then use an if-then statement to look for it, like so

function AtWelcomScreen: Boolean;
var a, b, w, z: integer;
begin
  if FindColor(a, b, 13158, 356, 180, 406, 194) and
     FindColor(w, z, 10669529, 287, 164, 476, 201) then
  result:= true;
end;

after you have that and understand how it works(and hopefully your own colors and coords :p)

lets make the LogIn procedure.

procedure LogIn;
begin
end;

after that, make your own fail safe to make sure that your at the Welcome screen, don't be afraid to go back up and look at an example :)

so far, this is what i have in the procedure:

procedure LogIn;
var i : integer;
begin
  if not AtWelcomeScreen then //start of fail safe
  begin
    writeln('not at welcome screen yet'); 
    repeat
      wait(3000 + random(400));
      inc(i);
    until (Atwelcomescreen = true or i = 10 + random(3));
    if i >= 10 then begin
      writeln('Still not at Welcome Screen, exiting');
      exit; //exits the procedure
    end;  
  end;  //ends the fail safe
end;//ends procedure

hopefully your not just copying and pasting my stuff and thinking your learning, ;P im doing this so you can learn you know, :)

next, just to make it look nicer, lets make a different procedure that actually logs you in:

LogMeIn(name, pass: string);

to make this, you need to know 'bout typesend!

typesend is what you use to type things into rs(since it hits enter after it types your message)

this is my procedure:

procedure LogMeIn(name, pass: string);
begin
  wait(1000 + random(5000));
  typesend(' ');//just hits enter, so it goes to the log in screen
  wait(100 + random(2200));
  typesend(name); //types your user name, and hits enter to go to the password
  wait(200 + random(2201));
  typesend(pass); //types password and hits enter so you log in
  wait(1000 + random(2000)); //just a wait
end;

every thing is explained in the example ;)

next we put it into the LogIn procedure:

procedure LogIn;
var i : integer;
begin
  if not AtWelcomeScreen then
  begin
    writeln('not at welcome screen yet');
    repeat
      wait(3000 + random(400));
      inc(i);
    until (i = 10 + random(3)) or Atwelcomescreen;
    if i >= 10 then begin
      writeln('Still not at Welcome Screen, exiting');
      exit;
    end;
  end;
  LogMeIn(UserName, Password);
end;

after you get this and understand it fully, lets wait for the "click to log in" button.

i made this function to check if it is or not:

function clickheretoplay: boolean;
var a, b: integer;
begin
  if FindColor(a, b, 1647915, 214, 413, 563, 449) then
  begin
    result:= true;
    mousebox( 214, 413, 563, 449, 1);
  end;
end;

the only new thing in this procedure was mousebox. what it does is if click a random coordinate within the given box. the 1 at the end tells it to left click. 2 means right click and 3 means just hover.

now lets add it to the login procedure using a while-do loop ;P

procedure LogIn;
var i : integer;
begin
  if not AtWelcomeScreen then
  begin
    writeln('not at welcome screen yet');
    repeat
      wait(3000 + random(400));
      inc(i);
    until (i = 10 + random(3)) or Atwelcomescreen;
    if i >= 10 then begin
      writeln('Still not at Welcome Screen, exiting');
      exit;
    end;
  end;
  LogMeIn(UserName, Password);
  while not clickheretoplay do wait(100 + random(100));
end;

now we are done! here is my final product:

program New;
{.include SRL/SRL.scar}
const
  Username = '';
  Password = '';
  
function AtWelcomeScreen: Boolean;
var a, b, w, z: integer;
begin
  if FindColor(a, b, 13158, 356, 180, 406, 194) and
     FindColor(w, z, 10669529, 287, 164, 476, 201) then
  result:= true;
end;

function clickheretoplay: boolean;
var a, b: integer;
begin
  if FindColor(a, b, 1647915, 214, 413, 563, 449) then
  begin
    result:= true;
    mousebox( 214, 413, 563, 449, 1);
  end;
end;

procedure LogMeIn(name, pass: string);
begin
  wait(1000 + random(5000));
  typesend(' ');//just hits enter, so it goes to the log in screen
  wait(100 + random(2200));
  typesend(name); //types your user name, and hits enter to go to the password
  wait(200 + random(2201));
  typesend(pass); //types password and hits enter so you log in
  wait(1000 + random(2000)); //just a wait
end;

procedure LogIn;
var i : integer;
begin
  if not AtWelcomeScreen then
  begin
    writeln('not at welcome screen yet');
    repeat
      wait(3000 + random(400));
      inc(i);
    until (i = 10 + random(3)) or Atwelcomescreen;
    if i >= 10 then begin
      writeln('Still not at Welcome Screen, exiting');
      exit;
    end;
  end;
  LogMeIn(UserName, Password);
  while not clickheretoplay do wait(100 + random(100));
end;

begin
  login;
end.

now was that so hard? :)

Conclusion
that raps up my very firsrt scripting tutorial :D
post any feed back what so ever, even if you hate this tut, wish i would die in a fire, ect ect.
remember, stuff in this tut are only the BASICS of Simba and srl. there are HUNDREDS of different procedures, functions, and commands that you can utilize and learn.

If i get good enough feed back, i will think about making an other volume to this tut, that goes into more detail and more advanced stuff.

PM me on the forums or post here in this topic if you would like some help, or add me on msn: [email]akwardsaw@hotmail.com[/email]

Credits
First of all, i would like to thank the entire SRL community for helping out when i was a newby at scripting, and took the time to answer my countless and obvious questions :D

then, i would like to thank the people who wrote their awesome tuts, and made me learn even further about scripting.

the last "thank you" is for the srl members who voted no on my membership application a few months ago, you made me learn more about scripting and expect an uber script to come your way soon

Recommended Links

Unmatched beginers guide to scar This helped me out LOADS when i started to begin scripting, i recommend you read it too

How To Fix annoying scar errors. made by JAD, saved me LOADS of time and frustration, beileve me

Making your own includes pretty cool tut

~akwardsaw :norris:

Nice guide :)

T~M

did you even read it? :P

Yeah ;)

T~M

the tut is teh finished ;D post your feed back pl0x

I read the whole tut, eventhough I had already read like 2 other ones.. It has somethings they don't. Although I think it would be nice if it included more about how to set the compass and change the camera.

thanks for posting :p

what this tut is supposed to teach is the "Concepts" / basics of scripting. maybe in an other tut i will go into more RS scripting.

although if you dont know,

makecompass(Degrees: variant); you can either make it a string, and say for example, 'n', which moves the compass to North, or you can make it an integer, like 360, and make it move the compass 360 degrees.

and

setangle(angle: boolean). true = highest angle, false = lowest

Nice tut, good work! It's wraps up at the end :p. Not raps. And having randomness in your wait times isn't really necessary, as you aren't even logged in :).

i know, but it lets the people new to scripting know that you can :p and thanks